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The Temple tax (מחצית השקל, lit. ' half shekel ') was a tax paid by Israelites and Levites which went towards the upkeep of the Jewish Temple, as reported in the New Testament. [1] Traditionally, Kohanim (Jewish priests) were exempt from the tax.
The revenues from the traditional sources of taxation declined in later medieval England, and a series of experiments in poll taxes began: [15] in 1377 a flat-rate tax, in 1379 a graduated tax. [16] By 1381, the unpopularity of these taxes had contributed to the Peasants' Revolt .
The Imperial Tax Register of 1241 was the first register to include taxes on the Jews. The total of the taxes on the Jews listed in the Register amounted to 857 silver marks; the total contribution of all the cities together amounted to 4.290 silver marks. These local taxes served wholly or in part to finance town-building.
The Church later voluntarily agreed to pay tax of a tenth, in gratitude. [94] On the Hebrew calendar, this date was 9 Av 5050, commemorating the fall of the Temple at Jerusalem; it is unlikely to be a coincidence, [95] and was noted "with awe" by Jewish chroniclers. [96]
A coin issued by Nerva reads fisci Judaici calumnia sublata, "abolition of malicious prosecution in connection with the Jewish tax" [1]. The fiscus Iudaicus or fiscus Judaicus (Latin for 'Jewish tax') was a tax imposed on Jews in the Roman Empire after the destruction of Jerusalem and its Temple in AD 70.
The Friend of the People; & his Petty New Tax Gatherer paying John Bull a visit (1806), James Gillray. The history of taxation in the United Kingdom includes the history of all collections by governments under law, in money or in kind, including collections by monarchs and lesser feudal lords, levied on persons or property subject to the government, with the primary purpose of raising revenue.
Ecotax, a tax of any kind intended to improve the environment. Franchise tax is a tax levied on the net worth of a corporation. Khums was a tax on items looted during war levied in Islamic States. Scutage was a tax levied in England. A person could pay scutage instead of serving in the military.
In the 1st century AD, Jewish Zealots in Judaea resisted the poll tax instituted by the Roman Empire. [3]: 1–7 Jesus was accused of promoting tax resistance prior to his torture and execution ("We found this fellow perverting the nation, and forbidding to give tribute to Cæsar, saying that he himself is Christ a King" — Luke 23:2). [4]