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A floodplain or flood plain or bottomlands [1] is an area of land adjacent to a river. Floodplains stretch from the banks of a river channel to the base of the enclosing valley, and experience flooding during periods of high discharge. [2] The soils usually consist of clays, silts, sands, and gravels deposited during floods. [3]
Participation in the NFIP is based on an agreement between local communities and the federal government that states that if a community will adopt and enforce a floodplain management ordinance to reduce future flood risks to new construction in Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA), the federal government will make flood insurance available within the community as a financial protection against ...
The most sustainable way of reducing risk is to prevent further development in flood-prone areas and old waterways. It is important for at-risk communities to develop a comprehensive Floodplain Management plan. [21] In the US, communities that participate in the National Flood Insurance Program must agree to regulate development in flood-prone ...
Flooding resulting from Hurricane Katrina. Nationwide, only 20 percent of American homes at risk for floods are covered by flood insurance. [2] Most private insurers do not insure against the peril of flood due to the prevalence of adverse selection, which is the purchase of insurance by persons most affected by the specific peril of flood.
Floodplain restoration can also increase biodiversity by creating new or restoring degraded habitat and encourage growth of native species. [7] [8] Methods of wetland restoration in the floodplain, can help better water quality. [9] Reconnecting rivers to their floodplains promotes carbon storage in soil and regulates processes within soil. [8]
At present, $527 billion worth of property is in the coastal floodplain. [3] The federal government heavily underwrites the flood insurance rates for these areas. The law "ordered FEMA to stop subsidizing flood insurance for second homes and businesses, and for properties that had been swamped multiple times."
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Floodplains of the United States, areas of land adjacent to a stream or river which stretch from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls, and which experience flooding during periods of high discharge.