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King Henry II, his father, arranged a remarkable betrothal for his son to the five year old Mary, Queen of Scots, in the Châtillon agreement of 27 January 1548, when Francis was only four years old. Mary had been crowned Queen of Scotland in Stirling Castle on 9 September 1543 at the age of nine months, following the death of her father James V .
Henry was born in the royal Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, near Paris, the son of King Francis I and Claude, Duchess of Brittany, daughter of Louis XII of France and Anne, Duchess of Brittany. Francis and Claude were second cousins ; both had Louis I, Duke of Orléans , as a patrilineal great-grandfather, and their marriage strengthened the ...
His first son, Francis II, died in his minority. His second son, Charles IX, had no legitimate sons to inherit. Following the premature death of his fourth son Hercule François and the assassination of his third son, the childless Henry III, France was plunged into a succession crisis over which distant cousin of the king would inherit the throne.
Engraving of Francis, Duke of Anjou. Monsieur François, Duke of Anjou and Alençon (French: Hercule François; 18 March 1555 [1] – 10 June 1584) was the youngest son of King Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.
When Henry's son, King Francis II of France, soon died in turn, Navarre returned to the centre of politics, becoming Lieutenant-General of France and leading the army of the crown in the first of the French Wars of Religion. He died of wounds sustained during the Siege of Rouen. He was the father of King Henry IV, France's first Bourbon king.
Mary of Guise wanted the wedding to cement a dynastic union of France and Scotland. [9] Henry II of France had a role in the decision as protector of Scotland, and in the French court a party, including the Constable of France, Anne de Montmorency, 1st Duke of Montmorency, opposed the marriage and the power it would give to Mary's uncles ...
Charles IX, King of France: 27 June 1550: 30 May 1574: Married Elizabeth of Austria (1554–1592) on 26 November 1570. Had one legitimate daughter (the only Valois grandchild of his parents) who died young. Henry III, King of France: 19 September 1551: 2 August 1589: Married Louise of Lorraine on 15 February 1575. Had no issue. Briefly King of ...
Francis I 1494–1547 King of France r. 1515–1547: Charles 1489–1537 Duke of Vendôme: Henry II 1519–1559 King of France r. 1547–1559: Antoine 1515–1562 King of Navarre r. 1555–1562: Francis II 1544–1560 King of France r. 1559–1560: Charles IX 1550–1574 King of France r. 1560–1574: Henry III 1551–1589 King of France r ...