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Common frog (Rana temporaria) tadpole. A tadpole or polliwog (also spelled pollywog) is the larval stage in the biological life cycle of an amphibian.Most tadpoles are fully aquatic, though some species of amphibians have tadpoles that are terrestrial.
Tadpoles of this species appear black or brown and take between one and four years to fully develop. On average, they grow up to 1.5 to 3.5 inches (3.8 to 8.9 cm) long and females tend to be larger than males.
During the final stages of transformation when the tadpoles have four limbs and a tail, they stop feeding for a short time while their mouths widen and their digestive systems adjust from herbivorous to carnivorous. Pacific tree frogs mature quickly, and usually mate the season after metamorphosis. They can live up to eight years in captivity.
The tadpoles require a permanent water habitat for at least two years while they develop. This is because tadpoles can die from a lack of moisture, especially dry summers. The frog has been noted at elevations of between about 1,214 and 7,546 feet (370 and 2,300 m) in Southern California. [1]
Metamorphs (recently metamorphosed tadpoles) are highly pigmented like tadpoles, and quite small, usually 9–14 millimetres or 0.35–0.55 inches SVL. [7] [8] Juveniles (1+ years in age) reach sexual maturity after 3–5 years (males) or 4–6 years (females), at which time sex-specific colors and patterns emerge.
Scientists in Argentina have discovered excellently preserved fossil remains of the oldest-known tadpole, the larval stage of a large frog species that lived alongside dinosaurs about 161 million ...
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The California toad is less blotched (reduced dorsal melanin) than the boreal toad. It has a wider head, larger eyes, smaller feet, and a weaker development of the margins along the dorsal stripe. The largest western toad larvae at 56 mm is also of the California toad. The toad has a wide range of dorsal coloration, from light gray to green to ...