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Tally marks, also called hash marks, are a form of numeral used for counting. They can be thought of as a unary numeral system . They are most useful in counting or tallying ongoing results, such as the score in a game or sport, as no intermediate results need to be erased or discarded.
In the Etruscan system, the symbol 1 was a single vertical mark, the symbol 10 was two perpendicularly crossed tally marks, and the symbol 100 was three crossed tally marks (similar in form to a modern asterisk *); while 5 (an inverted V shape) and 50 (an inverted V split by a single vertical mark) were perhaps derived from the lower halves of ...
Written mathematics began with numbers expressed as tally marks, with each tally representing a single unit. Numerical symbols consisted probably of strokes or notches cut in wood or stone, which were intelligible across cultures. For example, one notch in a bone represented one animal, person, or object.
As only a relatively small number of symbols can be memorized, basic numerals are commonly organized in a numeral system, which is an organized way to represent any number. The most common numeral system is the Hindu–Arabic numeral system , which allows for the representation of any non-negative integer using a combination of ten fundamental ...
1. Tally marks are only strenuously related to the unary system. Neither of them derives from the other: the tally marks are clearly just a pictorial indication of separate objects (no direct relation to the unary system), whereas the unary system comes to be a particular case of a base-n system (hence again, no direct relation to the tally marks).
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