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  2. Lazy loading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazy_loading

    Lazy loading (also known as asynchronous loading) is a technique used in computer programming, especially web design and web development, to defer initialization of an object until it is needed. It can contribute to efficiency in the program's operation if properly and appropriately used.

  3. Busy waiting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busy_waiting

    In computer science and software engineering, busy-waiting, busy-looping or spinning is a technique in which a process repeatedly checks to see if a condition is true, such as whether keyboard input or a lock is available. Spinning can also be used to generate an arbitrary time delay, a technique that was necessary on systems that lacked a ...

  4. Exponential backoff - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_backoff

    For example, if a smartphone app fails to connect to its server, it might try again 1 second later, then if it fails again, 2 seconds later, then 4, etc. Each time the pause is multiplied by a fixed amount (in this case 2). In this case, the adverse event is failing to connect to the server.

  5. Thread-local storage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread-local_storage

    A second use case would be multiple threads accumulating information into a global variable. To avoid a race condition, every access to this global variable would have to be protected by a mutex. Instead, each thread might accumulate into a thread-local variable, thereby eliminating any possibility of a race condition, thereby removing the need ...

  6. Wait-for graph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wait-For_Graph

    A wait-for graph in computer science is a directed graph used for deadlock detection in operating systems and relational database systems.. In computer science, a system that allows concurrent operation of multiple processes and locking of resources and which does not provide mechanisms to avoid or prevent deadlock must support a mechanism to detect deadlocks and an algorithm for recovering ...

  7. Finite-state machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite-state_machine

    State diagram for a turnstile A turnstile. An example of a simple mechanism that can be modeled by a state machine is a turnstile. [4] [5] A turnstile, used to control access to subways and amusement park rides, is a gate with three rotating arms at waist height, one across the entryway.

  8. Queuing delay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queuing_delay

    In telecommunications and computer engineering, the queuing delay is the time a job waits in a queue until it can be executed. It is a key component of network delay.In a switched network, queuing delay is the time between the completion of signaling by the call originator and the arrival of a ringing signal at the call receiver.

  9. Idle (CPU) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idle_(CPU)

    Idle is a state that a computer processor is in when it is not being used by any program.. Every program or task that runs on a computer system occupies a certain amount of processing time on the CPU.