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The Nuremberg Laws (German: Nürnberger Gesetze, pronounced [ˈnʏʁnbɛʁɡɐ ɡəˈzɛtsə] ⓘ) were antisemitic and racist laws that were enacted in Nazi Germany on 15 September 1935, at a special meeting of the Reichstag convened during the annual Nuremberg Rally of the Nazi Party.
An executive order on the Law on the Organization of National Work canceled all state contracts held with Jewish-owned firms in order to attack the Jews economically. [29] Dec 21, 1938 Law on Midwives: This law banned all Jews from being midwives. [53] [29] Feb 21, 1939 Third Order based on the Decree on the Registration of Jewish Property
The result of this policy was the flight of 60,000 Jews from Germany in 1933–1934, of which 53,000 ended up in France, Belgium and Holland. [14] The pinnacle of anti-Jewish legislation was the so-called Nuremberg Race Laws adopted on September 15, 1935. Jews were deprived of German citizenship; mixed marriages were prohibited.
Nazi propaganda infiltrated the city and served as a reminder to Jews that they were inferior, and advertisements to Aryan Germans of a better Germany. [5] Later, the Nuremberg Laws were passed in 1935. [4] These included two laws designed to further the divide between the Nazi Aryan race and Jews and to allow for the legal persecution of Jews. [6]
A chart depicting the Nuremberg Laws that were enacted in 1935. From 1933 to 1945, the Nazi regime ruled Germany and, at times, controlled almost all of Europe. During this time, Nazi Germany shifted from the post-World War I society which characterized the Weimar Republic and introduced an ideology of "biological racism" into the country's legal and justicial systems. [1]
The first nationwide anti-Jewish laws were passed in 1933, when Jews were banned or restricted from several professions and the civil service. [8] After hounding the German Jews out of public life by the end of 1934, the regime passed the Nuremberg Laws in 1935. [ 9 ]
The Nuremberg Laws, aimed at preventing further racial mixing, did not dissolve existing marriages "in deference to the social and religious sanctity and privacy of marriage." [4] By December 1942, 27,744 intermarried Jews were registered in Germany. [6] Initially, German women married more Jewish men than their male counterparts.
Mischling (German: [ˈmɪʃlɪŋ] ⓘ; lit. ' mix-ling '; pl. Mischlinge [1]) was a pejorative legal term which was used in Nazi Germany to denote persons of mixed "Aryan" and "non-Aryan", such as Jewish, ancestry as they were classified by the Nuremberg racial laws of 1935. [2]