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Arya Samaj" is a compound Sanskrit term consisting of the words "arya" and "samaj." The term "arya" refers to an individual who possesses virtuous attributes and noble characteristics, whereas "samaj" denotes a social group or organized community. Therefore, the term "arya samaj" refers to a community of individuals of high moral character. [5]
The Arya Samaj is a monotheistic Hindu reform movement founded in India by Maharshi Dayananda in 1875 at Bombay. He was an ascetic who believed in the infallible authority of the Vedas. [15] It aimed to be a universal structure based on the authority of the Vedas. Dayananda stated that he wanted 'to make the world noble', i.e., to return ...
He was also announced in 2002 to be heading a project of the Arya Samaj to publish a 30,000-page treatise in Kannada on Veda Bhashya, [26] and by 2009, three of the four Vedas and six volumes of the Rig Veda were released. [27] He was the moving spirit behind the Bangalore Arya Samaj, which published the Kannada monthly magazine Veda Taranga. [28]
He served as professor of Meerut College at Allahabad University and as chief judge at Tehri, Garhwal District, from which post he retired to serve the Arya Samaj full-time. [1] He was the father of Swami Satya Prakash Saraswati , another notable Arya Samaji author and Vishwa Prakash, Shree Prakash and Ravi Prakash.
The socio-political movement, derived from ancient rite of shuddhikaran, [2] or purification was started by the Arya Samaj, and its founder Swami Dayanand Saraswati and his followers like Swami Shraddhanand, who also worked on the Sangathan consolidation aspect of Hinduism, in North India, especially Punjab in early 1900s, though it gradually spread across India. [3]
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The Arya Samaj regards the Vedas as infallible scripture, and rejects what it regards as non-Vedic innovations in Sanātanī Hinduism. [10] These non-Vedic additions included inherited caste, the position of Brahmins as a revered group, idol-worship, and the addition of thousands of deities to the Sanatani Hindu pantheon.
Arya Samajis, who formed an appreciable number of Hindu Indians, believed that the Hindu caste system prevailing in British-ruled India was not in consonance with Hinduism's sacred Shastra and scriptures. British rulers never tried to interfere with the customary marriage laws prevailing among different sects of the society.