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Knowledge of the water pressure and of the runoff mode is important to stability analysis, and to planning measures to improve hillside stability. Hoek and Bray (1981) provide a scheme of possible measures to reduce not only the amount of water, which is itself negligible as a cause of instability, but also the pressure applied by the water. [1]
Newman said there is not necessarily a particular season of the year when a sinkhole is more likely to occur. "We do see a lot of breaks in the winter due to the thaw/freeze (cycle), though," he said.
Mass wasting is a general term for any process of erosion that is driven by gravity and in which the transported soil and rock is not entrained in a moving medium, such as water, wind, or ice. [2] The presence of water usually aids mass wasting, but the water is not abundant enough to be regarded as a transporting medium.
In modern times, areas known to have quick clay deposits are commonly tested in advance of any major human development. It is not always possible to entirely avoid building on a quick clay site, although modern engineering techniques have found technical precautions which can be taken to mitigate the risk of disaster.
Sinkholes can range in size from a few feet wide to hundreds of acres, and anywhere from 1 to 100 feet or more deep. Sinkholes can swallow up cars, parts of roads and even houses.
Over the past 15 years, sinkhole damage costs an average of $300 million a year in the United States. There are several ways to identify a sinkhole in progress.
In road and rail transport, a washout is the result of a natural disaster where the roadbed is eroded away by flowing water, usually as the result of a flood. [1] When a washout destroys a railroad's right-of-way , the track is sometimes left suspended in midair across the newly formed gap, or it dips down into a ditch.
A massive sinkhole has been leaking at least 215 million gallons of radioactive water into an aquifer in this state. A massive sinkhole has been leaking at least 215 million gallons of radioactive ...