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The most common causes of enlargement of the submandibular lymph nodes are infections of the head, neck, ears, eyes, nasal sinuses, pharynx, and scalp. [1] The lymph glands may be affected by metastatic spread of cancers of the oral cavity, anterior portion of the nasal cavity, soft tissues of the mid-face, and submandibular salivary gland. [1]
The juguloomohyoid lymph node (tongue node) is related to the intermediate tendon of the omohyoid muscle. It is designated as one of the deep cervical lymph nodes . As it is associated with the lymph drainage of the tongue if enlarged, it can be a sign of a tongue carcinoma .
However, inguinal lymph nodes of up to 15 mm and cervical lymph nodes of up to 20 mm are generally normal in children up to age 8–12. [ 38 ] Lymphadenopathy of more than 1.5–2 cm increases the risk of cancer or granulomatous disease as the cause rather than only inflammation or infection .
The facial lymph nodes comprise three groups: (a) infraorbital or maxillary , scattered over the infraorbital region from the groove between the nose and cheek to the zygomatic arch ; (b) buccinator , one or more placed on the buccinator muscle opposite the angle of the mouth;
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On its way, the fluid passes through the lymph nodes, small nodular organs located throughout the body but concentrated in certain areas such as the armpits or groin. These lymph nodes are also known as glands or lymphoid tissue. If they detect something foreign passing through them, they enlarge. This is called lymphadenopathy or swollen glands.
In anatomy, the pharyngeal tonsil, also known as the nasopharyngeal tonsil or adenoid, is the superior-most of the tonsils.It is a mass of lymphoid tissue located behind the nasal cavity, in the roof and the posterior wall of the nasopharynx, [1] where the nose blends into the throat.
The jugulodigastric lymph nodes are found in the proximity of where the posterior belly of the digastric muscle crosses the internal jugular vein. Nodes are typically around 15 mm in length in adults, and decrease in size during old age. [1]