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For example, applying a histogram equalization directly to the channels in an RGB image would alter the color balance of the image. Instead, the histogram equalization is applied to the Y channel of the YIQ or YUV representation of the image, which only normalizes the brightness levels of the image.
YCbCr is sometimes abbreviated to YCC.Typically the terms Y′CbCr, YCbCr, YPbPr and YUV are used interchangeably, leading to some confusion. The main difference is that YPbPr is used with analog images and YCbCr with digital images, leading to different scaling values for U max and V max (in YCbCr both are ) when converting to/from YUV.
It is a way of encoding RGB information, and the actual color displayed depends on the actual RGB colorants used to display the signal. Therefore, a value expressed as Y′UV is only predictable if standard RGB colorants are used (i.e. a fixed set of primary chromaticities, or particular set of red, green, and blue).
The three values of the YCoCg color model are calculated as follows from the three color values of the RGB color model: [2] [] = [] [] The values of Y are in the range from 0 to 1, while Co and Cg are in the range of −0.5 to 0.5, as is typical with "YCC" color models such as YCbCr.
Judd was the first to employ this type of transformation, and many others were to follow. Converting this RGB space to chromaticities one finds [4] [clarification needed The following formulae do not agree with u=R/(R+G+B) and v=G/(R+G+B)] Judd's UCS, with the Planckian locus and the isotherms from 1,000K to 10,000K, perpendicular to the locus.
As the input RGB values are gamma-corrected, such a separation does not truly produce lightness and two chroma signals, but a "luma" signal and two "chrominance" signals instead. YUV: as human eyes have lower resolution in their color perception, it is more economic to put more of the bandwidth in encoding Luma. The same principle is used in YCC.
RGB use in color space definitions employ primaries (and often a white point) based on the RGB color model, to map to real world color. Applying Grassmann's law of light additivity, the range of colors that can be produced are those enclosed within the triangle on the chromaticity diagram defined using the primaries as vertices .
Camera and display technology is evolving with more distinct primaries, spaced farther apart per the CIE chromaticity diagram. Displays with more separated primaries permit a larger gamut of displayable colors, however, color data needs to be available to make use of the larger gamut color space. xvYCC is an extended gamut color space that is backwards compatible with the existing BT.709 YCbCr ...
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