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The environment of New Zealand is characterised by an endemic flora and fauna which has evolved in near isolation from the rest of the world. [1] The main islands of New Zealand span two biomes , temperate and subtropical , complicated by large mountainous areas above the tree line. [ 2 ]
The siphon whelk Penion ormesi is a large, marine snail species endemic to New Zealand. New Zealand has a high number of endemic species, [17] such as: 80% of all vascular plants; 70% of all native terrestrial and freshwater birds; All bats; All native amphibians; All reptiles; 90% of freshwater fish; 90% of insects and molluscs 75% of marine ...
Currently the species had only been identified in the vicinity of Lynfield. [31] stitchbird, hihi Notiomystis cincta: bird New Zealand: Historically common across New Zealand, by the 20th century had become restricted to Little Barrier Island. Since 1991, the species has been reintroduced to islands and sanctuaries. [32] pale flowered kūmarahou
A podocarp, it is New Zealand's tallest tree, gaining heights of 60 m over a life span of 600 years. It was first described botanically by the French botanist Achille Richard in 1832 as Podocarpus dacrydioides, and was given its current binomial name Dacrycarpus dacrydioides in 1969 by the American botanist David de Laubenfels. Analysis of DNA ...
The butterflies of New Zealand include twelve endemic species, as well as several introduced and migrant species. Lepidoptera , which includes the butterflies and moths , is the third largest insect order in New Zealand.
The species has between 5 and 6 billion base pairs of DNA sequence, nearly twice that of humans. [16] The tuatara has been protected by law since 1895. [17] [18] Tuatara, like many of New Zealand's native animals, are threatened by habitat loss and introduced predators, such as the Polynesian rat (Rattus exulans).
Many of New Zealand's bird species are endemic to the country, that is, they are not found in any other country. Of the species breeding in New Zealand before humans arrived, 71% were endemic. [1] Some species are not fully endemic, but are breeding endemic, in that they breed only in New Zealand, but migrate or range elsewhere.
About half the species are endemic to New Zealand. There are 606 species known in New Zealand. While these include some thallose liverworts, with liver-shaped thalli, most are leafy liverworts which can be confused with mosses and filmy ferns. Undescribed species, and those not previously recorded in New Zealand, continue to be found in lowland ...