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Sp100 nuclear antigen is an interferon stimulated antigen found in the cell nuclei of many human and higher animal cells. Autoantibodies directed against Sp100 are often found in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. [1] Histologically Sp100 'dots' regions of the cell nucleus. Viral infection and mitogens affect the expression of the Sp100 ...
Anti-sp100 antibodies are found in association with primary biliary cirrhosis. [1] The autoimmune target of anti-sp100 is the sp100 nuclear antigen which was identified by its association with primary biliary cirrhosis . 20-30% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis have sp100 Abs.
Anti-sp100 antibodies are found in approximately 20–30% of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). They are found in few individuals without PBC, and therefore are a very specific marker of the disease. The sp100 antigen is found within nuclear bodies; large protein complexes in the nucleus that may have a role in cell growth and differentiation. [47]
An immune complex, sometimes called an antigen-antibody complex or antigen-bound antibody, is a molecule formed from the binding of multiple antigens to antibodies. [1] The bound antigen and antibody act as a unitary object, effectively an antigen of its own with a specific epitope .
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[1] [2] [5] The antigen is quantitated by measuring the diameter of the precipitin circle and comparing it with the diameters of precipitin circles formed by known quantities or concentrations of the antigen. [1] [2] [3] [6] Antigen-antibody complexes are small and soluble when in antigen excess. Therefore, precipitation near the center of the ...
The latter case induces recognition by antigen-specific Th2 cells or Tfh cells, leading to activation of the B cell through binding of TCR to the MHC-antigen complex. It is followed by synthesis and presentation of CD40L (CD154) on the Th2 cell, which binds to CD40 on the B cell, thus the Th2 cell can co-stimulate the B cell. [ 11 ]