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Frequent use is not recommended in people with thyroid problems or who are taking lithium. [2] Povidone-iodine is a chemical complex of povidone, hydrogen iodide, and elemental iodine. [4] The recommended strength solution contains 10% Povidone, with total iodine species equaling 10,000 ppm or 1% total titratable iodine. [4]
Medical iodophor (Chinese povidone-iodine solution) An iodophor is a preparation containing iodine complexed with a solubilizing agent, such as a surfactant or water-soluble polymers such as povidone (forming povidone-iodine), [1] [2] The result is a water-soluble material that releases free iodine when in solution.
Lugol's solution provides a strong source of free iodine and iodide to reef inhabitants and macroalgae. Although the solution is thought to be effective when used with stony corals, systems containing xenia and soft corals are assumed to be particularly benefited by the use of Lugol's solution. Used as a dip for stony and soft or leather corals ...
Dakin's solution is a dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite (0.4% to 0.5%) and other stabilizing ingredients, traditionally used as an antiseptic, e.g. to cleanse wounds in order to prevent infection. [1] The preparation was for a time called also Carrel–Dakin solution or Carrel–Dakin fluid. [2]
Tincture of iodine, iodine tincture, or weak iodine solution is an antiseptic. It is usually 2 to 3% elemental iodine , along with potassium iodide or sodium iodide , dissolved in a mixture of ethanol and water.
It is sold under the trade names Pyodine and Betadine, among others. It is used in pleurodesis (fusion of the pleura because of incessant pleural effusions). For this purpose, povidone-iodine is as effective and safe as talc , and may be preferred because of its easy availability and low cost.
Local pain, irritation and orange-brown staining of the skin, however, limited its use. [7] Later formulations were developed which were less painful and their use has become widespread. With the exception of the United States, Inadine has been available in several countries since the 1980s. [ 2 ]
A saturated solution of potassium iodide is used to treat acute thyrotoxicosis. It is also used to block uptake of iodine-131 in the thyroid gland (see isotopes section above), when this isotope is used as part of radiopharmaceuticals (such as iobenguane) that are not targeted to the thyroid or thyroid-type tissues. [17] [18]