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  2. Vitamin deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_deficiency

    Niacin deficiency is a consequence of a diet low in both niacin and the amino acid tryptophan, a precursor for the vitamin. Low plasma tryptophan is a non-specific indicator, meaning it can have other causes. The signs and symptoms of niacin deficiency start to revert within days of oral supplementation with large amounts of the vitamin. [23] [24]

  3. Vitamin D deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D_deficiency

    Vitamin D deficiency is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body. [1][7][2] One nanogram per millilitre (1 ng/mL) is equivalent to 2.5 nanomoles per litre (2.5 nmol/L). Severe deficiency: <12 ng/mL = <30 nmol/L[2] Deficiency ...

  4. Iron-deficiency anemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron-deficiency_anemia

    Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood . [ 3 ] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired , weak, short of breath , or having decreased ability to exercise. [ 1 ]

  5. Deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deficiency

    Deficiency (graph theory), a property describing how far a given graph is from having a perfect matching. Deficiency (medicine), including various types of malnutrition, as well as genetic diseases caused by deficiencies of endogenously produced proteins. A deficiency in construction, an item, or condition that is considered sub-standard, or ...

  6. Deficiency (medicine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deficiency_(medicine)

    Deficiency (medicine) In medicine, a deficiency is a lack or shortage of a functional entity, by less than normal or necessary supply or function. A person can have chromosomal deficiencies, mental deficiencies, nutritional deficiencies, complement deficiencies, or enzyme deficiencies. [1]

  7. Vitamin B12 deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12_deficiency

    Vitamin B12 deficiency, also known as cobalamin deficiency, is the medical condition in which the blood and tissue have a lower than normal level of vitamin B 12. [5] Symptoms can vary from none to severe. [1] Mild deficiency may have few or absent symptoms. [1]

  8. Hypothyroidism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyroidism

    Frequency. 5% (USA) [8] Hypothyroidism (also called underactive thyroid, low thyroid or hypothyreosis) is a disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. [3] It can cause a number of symptoms, such as poor ability to tolerate cold, extreme fatigue, muscle aches, constipation, slow heart ...

  9. Vitamin D - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D

    Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, along with numerous other biological functions. [1][2] In humans, the most significant compounds within this group are vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) and vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol). [2][3]