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The forests are composed of evergreen broadleaf trees, which form a closed canopy. Epiphytes, including orchids, bromeliads, mosses, and lichens, are abundant. [3] The upper and lower montane forests vary somewhat in species composition. Lower montane forests predominate between 1,250 and 1,630 meters elevation.
Mexican conifers have been recently started to be introduced in different parts around the world, and their plantations are considered very important. The leading reason for that expansion is the good quality that their wood has for paper production, but they are also planted as ornamental due to their unique characteristics and as exotic plants.
Mexico ranks first in biodiversity in reptiles with 707 known species, second in mammals with 438 species, fourth in amphibians with 290 species, and fourth in flora, with 26,000 species. [3] Mexico is also ranked second in the world in ecosystems and fourth in overall species. [4] About 2,500 species are protected by Mexican legislation. [4]
The Mexican blue oak is a small evergreen tree growing 5–8 metres (16–27 feet) tall with a rounded crown. At higher elevations it is typically a large shrub. The trunk is up to 50 centimetres (20 inches) in diameter and the bark is light gray and densely furrowed. The twigs are yellowish brown and hairless with reddish brown buds.
The Jalisco dry forests are a region of large diversity in Mexico. Characteristic features of this forest are that the trees lose their leaves for a long period of time during the dry season and the forest is unusual in that it rarely burns. [9] The Chiapas Depression is a dry forest valley in southern Mexico and western Guatemala. [9]
Ground cover plants include grasses and herbs. [3] In the Valley of Mexico, the dominant matorral plants are Opuntia streptacantha, Zaluzania augusta, Yucca filifera, Schinus molle, and Mimosa biuncifera. Halopytic grasslands and low shrubs occur on the valley's saline soils, including the shrub romerito (Suadea mexicana). [3] [2]
Sevilleta Wildlife Refuge is also home to a broad array of New Mexico plants and animals, including pronghorns, burrowing owls and Gunnison's prairie dogs. More info: fws.gov/refuge/sevilleta ...
The Sierra Madre Occidental pine–oak forests (Spanish: Bosques de pino-roble de la Sierra Madre Occidental) are a Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests ecoregion of the Sierra Madre Occidental range from the southwest USA region to the western part of Mexico. They are home to a large number of endemic plants and important habitat for wildlife.
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