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In 2006 the Mental Health Policy Group at the LSE published 'The Depression Report', commonly referred to as the Layard Report, advocating for the expansion of psychotherapy on the NHS. [ 24 ] [ 25 ] This facilitated the development of IAPT initiatives, [ 26 ] including two demonstration sites (pilot studies) and then training schemes for new ...
Depression is a mental state of low mood and aversion to activity. [3] It affects about 3.5% of the global population, or about 280 million people worldwide, as of 2020. [4] Depression affects a person's thoughts, behavior, feelings, and sense of well-being. [5]
In 2007, a survey conducted by Ipsos Mori found that 800,000 people failed to collect a prescription during 2007 due to cost. [9] In 2008, 88% of patients in England got medicines free. [10] Prime Minister Gordon Brown introduced an exemption for cancer patients in 2009, and promised free prescriptions for people with long-term conditions. [11]
The Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is a ten-item [1] diagnostic questionnaire which mental health professionals use to measure the severity of depressive episodes in patients with mood disorders.
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Some depression rating scales are completed by patients. The Beck Depression Inventory, for example, is a 21-question self-report inventory that covers symptoms such as irritability, fatigue, weight loss, lack of interest in sex, and feelings of guilt, hopelessness or fear of being punished. [11]
The patient is rated by a clinician on 17 to 29 items (depending on version) scored either on a 3-point or 5-point Likert-type scale. For the 17-item version, a score of 0–7 is considered to be normal while a score of 20 or higher (indicating at least moderate severity) is usually required for entry into a clinical trial. [11]
The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a 10-item questionnaire that was developed to identify women who have postpartum depression. [1] Items of the scale correspond to various clinical depression symptoms, such as guilt feeling, sleep disturbance, low energy, anhedonia, and suicidal ideation. Overall assessment is done by total ...