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4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors (HPPD inhibitors) are a class of herbicides that prevent growth in plants by blocking 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, an enzyme in plants that breaks down the amino acid tyrosine into molecules that are then used by plants to create other molecules that plants need.
Chlorsulfuron is an ALS (acetolactate synthase) inhibitor herbicide, and is a sulfonylurea compound. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It was discovered by George Levitt in February 1976 while working at DuPont , which was the patent assignee .
The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) classifies herbicides by their mode of action (MoA) to provide a uniform way for farmers and growers to identify the agents they use and better manage pesticide resistance around the world. [1] [2] It is run by CropLife International [3] in conjunction with the Weed Science Society of America ...
The industry-sponsored Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) advises on the use of herbicides in crop protection and classifies the available compounds according to their chemical structures and mechanism of action so as to manage the risks of pesticide resistance developing. [4]
Eventually the Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) [29] and the Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) [30] developed a classification system. [31] [32] Groups in the WSSA and the HRAC systems are designated by numbers and letters, inform users awareness of herbicide mode of action and provide more accurate recommendations for ...
As described in the BASF patent, the key step in the preparation of saflufenacil involved the reaction between a substituted aniline and an oxazinone. 2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-aminobenzoic acid and 2-dimethylamino-4-(trifluoromethyl)-6H-1,3-oxazin-6-one were heated in acetic acid to form the ring systems of the herbicide in over 90% yield, with further standard chemical transformations to generate ...
According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, [8]. On an acute basis, dichlobenil is practically nontoxic to birds, mammals, honey bees; slightly to moderately toxic to aquatic invertebrates and estuarine organisms; and moderately toxic to fish.
The detailed mechanism of action for fomesafen and related nitrophenyl ether herbicides was unknown at the time they were invented. The effects visible on whole plants are chlorosis and desiccation : several hypotheses were advanced regarding the molecular-level interactions which might explain these symptoms. [ 13 ]