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The Guáimaro Constitution was the governing document for the República de Cuba en Armas written by the idealistic and politically liberal faction in the insurgency that contested Spanish colonial rule in Cuba and imposed on Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, the conservative who claimed leadership of the independence movement.
The new constitution was proclaimed as scheduled on 10 April 2019. [4] After being proclaimed, the Constitution of Cuba was published in the Official Gazette of the Republic, ensuring its entry into force. [4] It was also announced that new laws enforcing the constitutional reform of the judicial system must be enacted within 18 months.
In 1976, Cuba formally institutionalized the revolution with the adoption of a new constitution, which provided that the legal system be based on the principle of socialist legality. In constructing its legal system, Cuba looked to the countries of the Socialist Bloc for blueprints.
[4] [5] Cuba is a one-party state, with the PCC being described as the "superior driving force of the society and the state" in the Constitution of Cuba, and all other political parties are illegal. [5] There is only one candidate for each seat in the Assembly, and all candidates are nominated by committees that are firmly controlled by the PCC.
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The new Constitution came into force after being proclaimed by the National Assembly on 10 April 2019. [3] Laws which were passed to enforce the Constitution's reforms to the country's judicial system must be enacted within 18 months. [14] [15] An electoral law detailing the restructuring of government must also be passed within six months.
A later U.S. Ambassador to Cuba, Philip Bonsal assessed the outcome: [3] The final product was generally considered enlightened and progressive. It reflected a serious consideration of Cuba's experience and of Cuba's problems. It embodied the hopes and aspirations of many.
Law enforcement in Cuba is the responsibility of the National Revolutionary Police Force (Spanish: Policía Nacional Revolucionaria, PNR) under the administration of the Cuban Ministry of the Interior. Article 65 of the Cuban Constitution states that "defense of the socialist motherland is every Cuban's greatest honor and highest duty". [1]