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A Newman projection is a drawing that helps visualize the 3-dimensional structure of a molecule. [1] This projection most commonly sights down a carbon-carbon bond, making it a very useful way to visualize the stereochemistry of alkanes.
Figure 5 shows 2-chloro-2,3-dimethylbutane in a sawhorse projection with chlorine and a hydrogen anti-periplanar to each other. Syn-periplanar or synperiplanar is similar to anti-periplanar. In the syn-periplanar conformer, the A and D are on the same side of the plane of the bond, with the dihedral angle of A−B and C−D between +30° and ...
The Cram's rule of asymmetric induction named after Donald J. Cram states In certain non-catalytic reactions that diastereomer will predominate, which could be formed by the approach of the entering group from the least hindered side when the rotational conformation of the C-C bond is such that the double bond is flanked by the two least bulky groups attached to the adjacent asymmetric center. [3]
Above: Newman projection; below: depiction of spatial orientation. In chemistry, rotamers are chemical species that differ from one another primarily due to rotations about one or more single bonds. Various arrangements of atoms in a molecule that differ by rotation about single bonds can also be referred to as different conformations ...
Melvin Spencer Newman (March 10, 1908 – May 30, 1993) was an American chemist, Ohio State University professor, best known for inventing the Newman projection. Newman was born in New York City in a Jewish family, the youngest of Mae (née Polack) and Jacob K. Newman's four children. [ 1 ]
sawhorse projection Free energy diagram of n -butane as a function of dihedral angle. In stereochemistry , a torsion angle is defined as a particular example of a dihedral angle, describing the geometric relation of two parts of a molecule joined by a chemical bond .
An engineering drawing is a type of technical drawing that is used to convey information about an object. A common use is to specify the geometry necessary for the construction of a component and is called a detail drawing.
To get a true view (length in the projection is equal to length in 3D space) of one of the lines: SU in this example, projection 3 is drawn with hinge line H 2,3 parallel to S 2 U 2. To get an end view of SU, projection 4 is drawn with hinge line H 3,4 perpendicular to S 3 U 3. The perpendicular distance d gives the shortest distance between PR ...