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In dermatopathology, the Tzanck test, also Tzanck smear, is scraping of an ulcer base to look for Tzanck cells. It is sometimes also called the chickenpox skin test and the herpes skin test. It is a simple, low-cost, and rapid office based test. [1] Tzanck cells (acantholytic cells) are found in: Herpes simplex [2] Varicella and herpes zoster
Shingles, also known as herpes zoster or zona, [6] is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area. [ 2 ] [ 7 ] Typically the rash occurs in a single, wide mark either on the left or right side of the body or face. [ 1 ]
Laboratory testing is often used to confirm a diagnosis of genital herpes. Laboratory tests include culture of the virus, direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) studies to detect virus, skin biopsy, and polymerase chain reaction to test for presence of viral DNA. Although these procedures produce highly sensitive and specific diagnoses, their high ...
It may reactivate under conditions of physiological stress or if the immune system is suppressed in any way (for example during an illness or undergoing chemotherapy), resulting in herpes zoster, also known as shingles or Ramsay Hunt syndrome when facial paralysis in involved. If the nerve cells affected lie within the facial nerves, it causes ...
herpes zoster: Hutchinson's sign 2 at Whonamedit? lesion on tip of the nose which can presage ocular herpes zoster Hutchinson's teeth [4] Sir Jonathan Hutchinson: pediatrics: congenital syphilis: small, widely spaced incisors with notched biting surfaces Hutchinson's triad: Sir Jonathan Hutchinson: pediatrics: congenital syphilis
Definite diagnosis requires testing of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) for presence of the virus. The testing takes several days to perform, and patients with suspected Herpes encephalitis should be treated with acyclovir immediately while waiting for test results. Atypical stroke-like presentation of HSV ...
In the past nucleic acid tests have mainly been used as a secondary test to confirm positive serological results. [3] However, as they become cheaper and more automated, they are increasingly becoming the primary tool for diagnostics and can also be use for monitoring of treatment of viral infected individuals t. [3]
Conditions where a presumptive diagnosis can be made on the basis of clinical signs or simple investigations. HIV wasting syndrome; Pneumocystis pneumonia; Recurrent severe or radiological bacterial pneumonia; Chronic herpes simplex infection (orolabial, genital or anorectal of more than one month's duration) Esophageal candidiasis ...
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