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The Chicano Movement, also referred to as El Movimiento (Spanish for "the Movement"), was a social and political movement in the United States that worked to embrace a Chicano/a identity and worldview that combated structural racism, encouraged cultural revitalization, and achieved community empowerment by rejecting assimilation.
Chicana art emerged as part of the Chicano Movement in the 1960s. It used art to express political and social resistance [1] through different art mediums. Chicana artists explore and interrogate traditional Mexican-American values and embody feminist themes through different mediums such as murals, painting, and photography.
Chicano (masculine form) or Chicana (feminine form) is an ethnic identity for Mexican Americans that emerged from the Chicano Movement. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Chicano was originally a classist and racist slur used toward low-income Mexicans that was reclaimed in the 1940s among youth who belonged to the Pachuco and Pachuca subculture.
The Chicano art movement was a platform for Chicanas to speak about their struggles even when it was difficult, with boundaries within the Chicano movement itself and being excluded from the feminist movement. Scholars have emphasized that the sexist and patriarchal views of the 1970s had an effect on the Chicano movement.
Las Chicanas Poster at LA Plaza de Cultura y Artes. Chicana feminism is a sociopolitical movement, theory, and praxis that scrutinizes the historical, cultural, spiritual, educational, and economic intersections impacting Chicanas and the Chicana/o community in the United States. [1]
During the 1930s and 1940s, the Chicano look known as pachuco appeared and was associated with the zoot suit and hep cat subcultures. [13] The press at the time accused the pachucos in the U.S. of gang membership, petty criminality, and a lack of patriotism during World War II leading to the Zoot Suit Riots . [ 14 ]
Irma Patricia Aguayo, also known as Patricia Aguayo, is a Chicano Park muralist and longtime activist. She was born and raised in San Diego, California.Both of her parents are from Mexico and she grew up in a Mexican culture household but was told by her parents that in order to succeed in America to act American outside her house.
The Chicano movement of the 1960s was a masculine one. In many ways, women were excluded, and it even "tended to reflectively reproduce the subordination of women." [ 7 ] The Plan Espiritual de Aztlán (1969), which was the manifesto of the Chicano movement, was ripe with words like "brotherhood, brothers, mestizo , etc. Women were not included ...