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  2. I-beam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-beam

    For a beam of cross-sectional area a and height h, the ideal cross-section would have half the area at a distance ⁠ h / 2 ⁠ above the cross-section and the other half at a distance ⁠ h / 2 ⁠ below the cross-section. [4] For this cross-section, =; =.

  3. Double tee - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_tee

    Double tees are connected during the construction without topping with concrete to create the parking structure floor surface. [6] A benefit of pre-topped double tees is a higher quality concrete for more durable surface to reduce traffic wears. Factories can produce the topping with minimum concrete strength of 5,000 psi. In some areas, the ...

  4. 16 Divisions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16_Divisions

    The 16 Divisions of construction, as defined by the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI)'s MasterFormat, is the most widely used standard for organizing specifications and other written information for commercial and institutional building projects in the U.S. and Canada.

  5. Insulating concrete form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulating_concrete_form

    Panel ICFs have the flat rectangular shape of a section of flat wall they are often the height of the wall and have a width limited by the manipulability of the material at larger sizes and by the general usefulness of the panel size for constructing walls.

  6. Waffle slab - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waffle_slab

    Waffle slabs are preferred for spans greater than 40 feet (12 m), because, for a given mass of concrete, they are much stronger than flat slabs, flat slabs with drop panels, two-way slabs, one-way slabs, and one-way joist slabs. [2] Section of a waffle slab including beam, ribs, and column head

  7. Submittals (construction) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submittals_(construction)

    Some samples are full product samples, such as a brick or section of precast concrete, or a partial sample that indicates color or texture. [2] The product sample is often required when several products are acceptable, to confirm the quality and aesthetic level of the material. The size or unit of sample material usually is specified.

  8. Structural steel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_steel

    Concrete can be constructed into nearly any shape and size. Approximately half of the cost of using reinforced concrete in a structural project is attributed to the construction of the form-work. In order to save time, and therefore costs, structural concrete members may be pre-cast.

  9. Precast concrete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precast_concrete

    Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site and maneuvered into place; examples include precast beams, and wall panels, floors, roofs, and piles.