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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is any disease involving the heart or blood vessels. [3] CVDs constitute a class of diseases that includes: coronary artery diseases (e.g. angina, heart attack), heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease ...
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease (CHD), or ischemic heart disease (IHD), [13] is a type of heart disease involving the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to a build-up of atheromatous plaque in the arteries of the heart. [5] [6] [14] It is the most common of the cardiovascular diseases. [15]
Cardiac arrest (also known as sudden cardiac arrest [SCA] [11]) is when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating. [12] [1] When the heart stops beating, blood cannot properly circulate around the body and the blood flow to the brain and other organs is decreased.
The ECG should be done as early as practicable, including in the ambulance if possible. [18] ECG changes indicating acute heart damage include: ST elevation, new left bundle branch block and ST depression amongst others. The absence of ECG changes does not immediately distinguish between unstable angina and NSTEMI. [6]
Most tissues and organs of the body can survive clinical death for considerable periods. Blood circulation can be stopped in the entire body below the heart for at least 30 minutes, with injury to the spinal cord being a limiting factor. [4] Detached limbs may be successfully reattached after 6 hours of no blood circulation at warm temperatures.
The severity of hemorrhagic shock can be graded on a 1–4 scale on the physical signs. The shock index (heart rate divided by systolic blood pressure) is a stronger predictor of the impact of blood loss than heart rate and blood pressure alone. [11] This relationship has not been well established in pregnancy-related bleeding. [12]
Heart palpitations, slow heart rate In April 2022, De Witt left the Air Force and began civilian life. A month later, he noticed heart palpitations, when it feels like your heart is beating too ...
Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is a sudden worsening of the signs and symptoms of heart failure, which typically includes difficulty breathing , leg or feet swelling, and fatigue. [1] ADHF is a common and potentially serious cause of acute respiratory distress .