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The cocoa bean, also known as cocoa (/ ˈ k oʊ. k oʊ /) or cacao (/ k ə ˈ k aʊ /), [1] is the dried and fully fermented seed of Theobroma cacao, the cacao tree, from which cocoa solids (a mixture of nonfat substances) and cocoa butter (the fat) can be extracted. Cacao trees are native to the Amazon rainforest.
Theobroma cacao (cacao tree or cocoa tree) is a small (6–12 m (20–39 ft) tall) evergreen tree in the Malvaceae family. [1] [3] Its seeds - cocoa beans - are used to make chocolate liquor, cocoa solids, cocoa butter and chocolate. [4] Although the tree is native to the tropics of the Americas, the largest producer of cocoa beans in 2022 was ...
Cocoa beans drying in the sun. There are different categories of cocoa beans. The traditional varieties of Forastero, Criollo and Trinitario, while still used in marketing materials, are no longer considered to have a botanical basis. The categories bulk and flavor cocoa are used to distinguish quality of beans. As of 2017, 95% of cocoa ...
In chocolate making, the Broma process is a method of extracting cocoa butter from roasted cocoa beans, credited to the chocolatier Domingo Ghirardelli. [1] The Broma process involves hanging bags of chocolate liquor, made from roasted and ground cocoa beans, in a very warm room, above the melting point of cocoa butter (slightly above room temperature), and allowing the butter to drip off the ...
Theobroma bicolor can reach a height of 3–8 metres in open fields, although in the understories of forests it can grow to 25–30 metres. [3] It is a slow-growing tree and grows best in loose, unconsolidated soils.
Pure genotypes of the bean are rare because most Nacional varieties have been interbred with other cocoa bean varieties. [6] In 2009, Ecuador's agricultural research institute Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP) collected DNA samples from cacao trees throughout Ecuador, only 6 trees (out of 11,000 samples tested) were ...
Vicia faba is a stiffly erect, annual plant 0.5 to 1.8 metres (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 to 6 ft) tall, with two to four stems that are square in cross-section. The leaves are 10 to 25 centimetres (4 to 10 in) long, pinnate with 2–7 leaflets, and glaucous (grey-green). Unlike most other vetches, the leaves do not have tendrils for climbing over other ...