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The Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol is used in UMTS, LTE and 5G on the Air interface.It is a layer 3 (Network Layer) protocol used between UE and Base Station. This protocol is specified by 3GPP in TS 25.331 [2] for UMTS, in TS 36.331 [3] for LTE and in TS 38.331 [4] for 5G New Radio.
Packet Tracer is a cross-platform visual simulation tool designed by Cisco Systems that allows users to create network topologies and imitate modern computer networks. The software allows users to simulate the configuration of Cisco routers and switches using a simulated command line interface.
The Remote Terminal Unit is initially interrogated with what DNP3 terms an "Integrity Poll" (a combined Read of Class 1, 2, 3 and 0 data). This causes the Remote Terminal Unit to send all buffered events and also all static point data to the Master station. Following this, the Master polls for the event data by reading Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3.
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 OTU2 10 10.7 Transports an OC-192, STM-64 or wide area network (WAN) physical layer (PHY) for 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GBASE-W) 8 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 OTU2e [4] 10.5 11.1 Transports a 10 Gigabit Ethernet local area network (LAN) PHY coming from IP/Ethernet switches and routers at full line rate (10.3 Gbit/s). This is specified in G.Sup43 ...
Bit 32 is the parity bit, and is used to verify that the word was not damaged or garbled during transmission. Every ARINC 429 channel typically uses "odd" parity - there must be an odd number of "1" bits in the word. This bit is set to 0 or 1 to ensure that the correct number of bits are set to 1 in the word.
Ethernet devices must allow a minimum idle period between transmission of Ethernet packets. [1] A brief recovery time between packets allows devices to prepare for reception of the next packet. While some physical layer variants literally transmit nothing during the idle period, most modern ones continue to transmit an idle pattern signal.
A data packet of less than 512 bytes or the agreed blocksize option signals the termination of a transfer. If a packet gets lost in the network, the intended recipient will timeout and may retransmit their last packet (which may be data or an acknowledgment), thus causing the sender of the lost packet to retransmit that lost packet.
Systems should use Path MTU Discovery [3] to find the actual path MTU, unless the minimum MTU (1280 bytes) is not exceeded. Jumbograms are packets with a Jumbo Payload option to allow transmission of payloads between 65,536 and 4,294,967,295 octets in length. X.25: Minimal 576 (sending) or 1600 (receiving) [6] Ethernet v2: 1500 [7]