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The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC. [2] [3] It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, [4] and is the earliest known alphabetic script to systematically write vowels as well as consonants. [5]
The grammarians Dionysius Thrax [2] and Dionysius of Halicarnassus class ζ with the "double" (διπλᾶ) letters ψ, ξ and analyse it as σ + δ. Contra: The Roman grammarian Verrius Flaccus believed in the opposite sequence, δ + σ (in Velius Longus , De orthogr . 51), and Aristotle says that it was a matter of dispute ( Metaph . 993a ...
Beta (UK: / ˈ b iː t ə /, US: / ˈ b eɪ t ə /; uppercase Β, lowercase β, or cursive ϐ; Ancient Greek: βῆτα, romanized: bē̂ta or Greek: βήτα, romanized: víta) is the second letter of the Greek alphabet.
the fine-structure constant in physics [2] [3] the angle of attack of an aircraft; an alpha particle (He 2+) angular acceleration in physics [4] the linear thermal expansion coefficient; the thermal diffusivity [5] In organic chemistry the α-carbon is the backbone carbon next to the carbonyl carbon, most often for amino acids; right ascension ...
In its archaic form, θ was written as a cross within a circle (as in the Etruscan or ), and later, as a line or point in circle (or ).. Greek theta variant in cursive form.
Digamma or wau (uppercase: Ϝ, lowercase: ϝ, numeral: ϛ) is an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet.It originally stood for the sound /w/ but it has remained in use principally as a Greek numeral for 6.
Iota subscripts in the word ᾠδῇ, ("ode", dative). The iota subscript is a diacritic mark in the Greek alphabet shaped like a small vertical stroke or miniature iota ι placed below the letter.
An archaic inscription from Thera, displaying H both in consonantal function (line 2: "ΚΗ" = χ in "Ἀρχαγέτας") and as a vowel (line 3: "Πρόκλης") In dialects that still had the /h/ sound as part of their phonological systems, including early Athens , the same letter continued to be used in its consonantal function.