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  2. Aspect ratio (aeronautics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(aeronautics)

    Aspect ratio (aeronautics) An ASH 31 glider with very high aspect ratio (AR=33.5) and lift-to-drag ratio (L/D=56) In aeronautics, the aspect ratio of a wing is the ratio of its span to its mean chord. It is equal to the square of the wingspan divided by the wing area. Thus, a long, narrow wing has a high aspect ratio, whereas a short, wide wing ...

  3. Chord (aeronautics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chord_(aeronautics)

    Chords on a swept-wing. In aeronautics, the chord is an imaginary straight line joining the leading edge and trailing edge of an aerofoil. The chord length is the distance between the trailing edge and the point where the chord intersects the leading edge. [1][2] The point on the leading edge used to define the chord may be the surface point of ...

  4. Nose cone design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nose_cone_design

    The ratio of the length of a nose cone compared to its base diameter is known as the fineness ratio. This is sometimes also called the aspect ratio, though that term is usually applied to wings and tails. Fineness ratio is often applied to the entire vehicle, considering the overall length and diameter.

  5. Thickness-to-chord ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thickness-to-chord_ratio

    Thickness-to-chord ratio. a=chord, b=thickness, thickness-to-chord ratio = b/a. The F-104 wing has a very low thickness-to-chord ratio of 3.36%. In aeronautics, the thickness-to-chord ratio, sometimes simply chord ratio or thickness ratio, compares the maximum vertical thickness of a wing to its chord. It is a key measure of the performance of ...

  6. Oswald efficiency number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oswald_efficiency_number

    The Oswald efficiency is defined for the cases where the overall coefficient of drag of the wing or airplane has a constant+quadratic dependence on the aircraft lift coefficient. where. For conventional fixed-wing aircraft with moderate aspect ratio and sweep, Oswald efficiency number with wing flaps retracted is typically between 0.7 and 0.85 ...

  7. Downforce - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downforce

    The aspect ratio is the width of the airfoil divided by its chord. If the wing is not rectangular, aspect ratio is written AR=b 2 /s, where AR=aspect ratio, b=span, and s=wing area. Also, a greater angle of attack (or tilt) of the wing or spoiler, creates more downforce, which puts more pressure on the rear wheels and creates more drag.

  8. Prandtl–Glauert transformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prandtl–Glauert...

    where AR is the wing's aspect ratio. Note that in the 2D case where AR → ∞ this reduces to the 2D case, since in incompressible 2D flow for a flat airfoil we have c l 0 = 2 π α , {\displaystyle c_{l0}=2\pi \alpha ,} as given by Thin airfoil theory .

  9. Wing configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wing_configuration

    Wing configuration. The Spitfire wing may be classified as: "a conventional low-wing cantilever monoplane with unswept elliptical wings of moderate aspect ratio and slight dihedral". The wing configuration of a fixed-wing aircraft (including both gliders and powered aeroplanes) is its arrangement of lifting and related surfaces.