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  2. Transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor

    A logic gate consists of up to about 20 transistors, whereas an advanced microprocessor, as of 2022, may contain as many as 57 billion MOSFETs. [90] Transistors are often organized into logic gates in microprocessors to perform computation. [91] The transistor's low cost, flexibility and reliability have made it ubiquitous.

  3. History of the transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_transistor

    The machine used point-contact transistors, made in small quantities by STC and Mullard. These consisted of a single crystal of germanium with two fine wires, resembling the crystal and cat's whisker of the 1920s. These transistors had the useful property that a single transistor could possess two stable states. ...

  4. Point-contact transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-contact_transistor

    Point contact transistors connected in the common emitter amplifier configuration will display negative output resistance, which may be undesirable for voltage/current amplifier applications. Switching circuits based around point contact transistors often rely on negative differential resistance. [5]: 132, 149–163

  5. Transistor count - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_count

    The transistor count is the number of transistors in an electronic device (typically on a single substrate or silicon die).It is the most common measure of integrated circuit complexity (although the majority of transistors in modern microprocessors are contained in cache memories, which consist mostly of the same memory cell circuits replicated many times).

  6. Bipolar junction transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_junction_transistor

    Bipolar transistors, and particularly power transistors, have long base-storage times when they are driven into saturation; the base storage limits turn-off time in switching applications. A Baker clamp can prevent the transistor from heavily saturating, which reduces the amount of charge stored in the base and thus improves switching time.

  7. Transistor computer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_computer

    IBM 1620. A transistor computer, now often called a second-generation computer, [1] is a computer which uses discrete transistors instead of vacuum tubes.The first generation of electronic computers used vacuum tubes, which generated large amounts of heat, were bulky and unreliable.

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