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The pressure on Venus is 1334 PSI (9.1976 MPa) or 92 times the pressure at sea level on Earth, which is 14.5 PSI (99.9734 kPa). Now, in our oceans the pressure increases by 14.5 PSI (99.9734 kPa) e...
Currently on the surface the temperature is 467 °C, the air pressure 90 atmosphere, and there is no direct sunlight. 4 billion years ago Venus was like the Earth with liquid water on the surface. A runaway greenhouse effect may have been caused by the evaporation of the surface water and subsequent rise of the levels of other greenhouse gases.
Venus has nearly as deep a gravity well as Earth, and a much denser atmosphere. Launching spacecraft from Venus requires a multi-staged launch vehicle just like you'd need on Earth, except it needs to launch from a balloon floating in the atmosphere. A fully reusable Venus transport is basically impossible with any available technology.
The presence of organic compounds in the Venus atmosphere is therefore a strong possibility. Reference. Otroshchenko V.A., Surkov Y.A. (1974) The Possibility of Organic Molecule Formation in the Venus Atmosphere. In: Oró J., Miller S.L., Ponnamperuma C., Young R.S. (eds) Cosmochemical Evolution and the Origins of Life.
Here is the actual composition of the Venus atmosphere. The nitrogen might not actually need to be removed. Here is my calculation of the N $_2$ mass: $$ m_{N_{2}} = (4.8 \times 10^{20} \text{kg}) \times 0.035 = 1.68 × 10^{19} kg $$ In comparison, the mass of Earth's atmosphere is $ 5 \times 10^{18} kg$ with about two-thirds nitrogen. It's ...
We have plenty of metallic materials that could stand the heat of Venus's atmosphere, including copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, titanium, tungsten, and chromium, to name but a few (here's a list of elemental melting points), as well as a large number of alloys including carbon steel and stainless steel. Even the sulfuric acid isn't a huge problem ...
For further reference, I suggest searching NASA Technical Report Server (NTRS) for Geoffrey A. Landis' works, perhaps staring with Colonization of Venus (PDF) that was published for 2003 Conference on Human Space Exploration proceedings, and concisely presents possibility of constructing aerostat colonies in Venusian atmosphere and natural ...
$\begingroup$ re Raleigh scattering in Venus' atmosphere, there's @TomSpilker's authoritative answer.This is a good question, but there might be more than one answer depending on if you mean opaque as viewed from above (e.g. orbiter looking down) or near the surface (e.g. lander looking into the distance, trying to see the "horizon".
At cloud altitudes there's a lot we don't know about the composition of Venus's atmosphere. For instance, at or near the cloud-tops there's something that absorbs UV but its composition is still unknown — though there have been some suggestions, including biology (!), none are universally accepted.
Preliminary results (abstract only, the full paper is behind a paywall; full reference is: Atmosphere of Venus as Studied with the Mariner 5 Dual Radio‐Frequency Occultation Experiment, G. Fjeldbo, V.R. Eshleman, Radio Science Vol. 4 #10 pp 879-897, October 1969 DOI: 10.1029/RS004i010p00879) concentrated on the ionospheric results, but did ...