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Astronomy was used by early cultures for a variety of reasons. These include timekeeping, navigation, spiritual and religious practices, and agricultural planning. Ancient astronomers used their observations to chart the skies in an effort to learn about the workings of the universe.
Martha P. Haynes (born 1951), American astronomer specialized in radio astronomy and extragalactic astronomy; Martha Locke Hazen (1931-2006), American astronomer; E. Ruth Hedeman (1910–2006), American solar astronomer; Mary Lea Heger (1897–1983), American astronomer who studied the interstellar medium; Charlene Heisler (1961-1999), Canadian ...
The following is a list of astronomers, astrophysicists and other notable people who have made contributions to the field of astronomy.They may have won major prizes or awards, developed or invented widely used techniques or technologies within astronomy, or are directors of major observatories or heads of space-based telescope projects.
Mayan astronomers discover an 18.7-year cycle in the rising and setting of the Moon.From this they created the first almanacs – tables of the movements of the Sun, Moon, and planets for the use in astrology.
In 1898, she was appointed Curator of Astronomical Photographs at Harvard, the first woman to hold the position. [13] At the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago, Fleming openly advocated for other women in the sciences in her talk "A Field for Woman's Work in Astronomy", where she openly promoted hiring female assistants in astronomy. Her speech ...
1963: Maria Goeppert Mayer became the first American woman to receive a Nobel Prize in Physics; she shared the prize with J. Hans D. Jensen "for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure" and Eugene Paul Wigner "for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery ...
Williamina continued her career in astronomy when she was appointed Harvard's Curator of Astronomical Photographs in 1899, also known as Curator of the Photographic Plates. She remained the only woman curator until the 1950s. [9] Her work also led to her becoming the first female American citizen to be elected to the Royal Astronomical Society ...
Babylonian astronomy was the study or recording of celestial objects during the early history of Mesopotamia. The numeral system used, sexagesimal, was based on sixty, as opposed to ten in the modern decimal system. This system simplified the calculating and recording of unusually great and small numbers. [1]