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The probabilistic roadmap [1] planner is a motion planning algorithm in robotics, which solves the problem of determining a path between a starting configuration of the robot and a goal configuration while avoiding collisions.
It is a one-to-one relationship with an offset of -100 kPa for boost pressure. Thus, a MAP sensor will always read 100 kPa more than a boost sensor measuring the same conditions. A MAP sensor will never display a negative reading because it is measuring absolute pressure, where zero is the total absence of pressure.
The second phase, the development of the technology roadmap phase (see figure 3.), consists of 7 steps: 1. Identify the "product" that is the focus of the roadmap, 2. Identify the critical system requirements and their targets, 3. Specify the major technology areas, 4. Specify the technology drivers and their targets, 5.
The more common inline-four and V8 layouts are also produced by BMW, and at times the company has produced inline-three, V10 and V12 engines, BMW also engineered non-production customised engines especially for motorsports which include the M12/13 1.5-Liter straight 4 piston turbocharged engine from 1982 to 1987 for Brabham, Arrows and Benetton ...
The technology life cycle (TLC) describes the commercial gain of a product through the expense of research and development phase, and the financial return during its "vital life". Some technologies, such as steel, paper or cement manufacturing, have a long lifespan (with minor variations in technology incorporated with time) while in other ...
An early prototype iDrive (called the Intuitive Interaction Concept) was featured on the BMW Z9 concept in 1999. The production version debuted in September 2001 in the BMW 7 Series (E65) and was built on the VxWorks kernel [4] while the Navigation computer used Microsoft Windows CE for Automotive; [5] this can be seen when the system reboots or restarts after a software crash, displaying a ...
The BMW 2 Series is a range of subcompact executive cars manufactured by BMW since the year 2014. The 2 Series was created when BMW spun-off the 2-door models (coupé and convertible) of the BMW 1 Series into a separate series. The 2 Series was first launched as a 2-door coupé and convertible, both based on a rear-wheel drive platform.
The BMW B58 is a turbocharged straight-six engine, which began production in 2015. [1] The B58 replaced the N55 and was launched in the F30 340i. [2]The B58 is part of BMW's modular engine family, each engine using a displacement of 500 cc (30.5 cu in) per cylinder, following the B38 and B48 engine.