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The traditional Mongolian script, [note 1] also known as the Hudum Mongol bichig, [note 2] was the first writing system created specifically for the Mongolian language, and was the most widespread until the introduction of Cyrillic in 1946.
The word 'Mongolia' ('Mongol') in Cyrillic script. The Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet (Mongolian: Монгол Кирилл үсэг, Mongol Kirill üseg or Кирилл цагаан толгой, Kirill tsagaan tolgoi) is the writing system used for the standard dialect of the Mongolian language in the modern state of Mongolia.
In the 20th century, Mongolia briefly switched to the Latin script, but then almost immediately replaced it with the modified Cyrillic alphabet because of its smaller discrepancy between written and spoken form, contributing to the success of the literacy campaign, which increased the literacy rate from 17.3% to 73.5% between 1941 and 1950 [1 ...
Between 1930 and 1932, a short-lived attempt was made to introduce the Latin script in the Mongolian state. In 1941, the Latin alphabet was adopted, though it lasted only two months. [130] The Mongolian Cyrillic script was the result of the spreading of Russian influence following the expansion of the Russian Empire.
The Galik script (Mongolian: Али-гали үсэг, Ali-gali üseg) is an extension to the traditional Mongolian script. It was created in 1587 by the translator and scholar Ayuush Güüsh ( Mongolian : Аюуш гүүш ), inspired by the third Dalai Lama , Sonam Gyatso .
In the Mongolian version of the Latin alphabet, there were additional letters ɵ (Cyrillic: ө), ç (ч), ş (ш) and ƶ (ж); Y corresponded to the Cyrillic ү. K transliterated the sound that would later come to be represented in Cyrillic by х in native Mongolian words.
Transcribes Chakhar /ɑ/; [8] [9] Khalkha /a/, /ə/, and /∅/. [10]: 40–42 Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter а.[11] [4]Medial and final forms may be distinguished from those of other tooth-shaped letters through: vowel harmony (), the shape of adjacent consonants (q/k and ɣ/g), and position in syllable sequence (n, ng, q, ɣ, d).
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