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Wet-on-wet, or alla prima (Italian, meaning at first attempt), direct painting or au premier coup, [1] is a painting technique in which layers of wet paint are applied to previously administered layers of wet paint. Used mostly in oil painting, the technique requires a fast way of working, because the work has to be finished before the first ...
A water-based primer, used primarily on wood. A primer (/ ˈ p r aɪ m ər /) or undercoat is a preparatory coating put on materials before painting. Priming ensures better adhesion of paint to the surface, increases paint durability, and provides additional protection for the material being painted. [1]
oil ground was a lean lead-based primer, no longer used due to being a health hazard, modern "oil ground" is actually alkyd; genuine gesso ground is a lean ground typically used on top of the boards; half-chalk ground; acrylic ground is made of acrylic resin with titanium white pigment (a "clear gesso" is actually an acrylic without the pigment).
The ground resists the acid or mordant which is used for etching, protecting areas of the metal plate. Grounds are made from a variety of materials including tar , asphaltum , paint (including spray paint), oil pastels , and other materials manufactured specifically for etching.
Tallow, derived from beef waste, is an important raw material in the steel rolling industry, providing lubrication when compressing steel sheets. Meat and bone meal in animal feed was one route for the late-20th century spread of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad-cow disease, BSE), which is also fatal to humans.
Phosphate conversion coating is a chemical treatment applied to steel parts that creates a thin adhering layer of iron, zinc, or manganese phosphates to improve corrosion resistance or lubrication or as a foundation for subsequent coatings or painting.
The below calculated ACIs were done on solvent-based primer containing 350 g/L of solvents and the water-based primer containing 50 g/L of butyl glycol. The values on this chart indicate that the use of mineral spirits based primers would need 6 to 7 air changes per hour requiring significant ventilation. The use of low-odor, isoparaffinic ...
Enamel paint comes in a variety of hues and can be custom blended to produce a particular tint. It is also available in water-based and solvent-based formulations, with solvent-based enamel being more prevalent in industrial applications. For the greatest results, use a high-quality brush, roller, or spray gun when applying enamel paint.