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2 ft 6 in: See 2 ft 6 in gauge railways: 765 mm 3 ft 6 in: DR Congo: Matadi–Kinshasa Railway, converted to 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) 1925–1931. [70] Denmark: See Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark: 775 mm: 2 ft 6 + 1 ⁄ 2 in: England: Jee's Hartshill Granite Quarry [71] Germany Bombergbahn , a funicular a funicular in Bad Pyrmont: 785 mm 2 ft 6 ...
The railway used this gauge for 15 years before a change was made, debuting around 1850, to the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) gauge. [ 12 ] [ 15 ] [ page needed ] The historic Mount Washington Cog Railway , the world's first mountain -climbing rack railway , is still in operation in the 21st century, and has used the earlier 4 ft 8 in ( 1,422 ...
If the difference between the two gauges is large enough – for example between 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge and 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) – three-rail dual-gauge is possible, but if not – for example between 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) metre gauge – four rails must be used. Dual-gauge rail lines ...
Some railways, primarily in the northeast, used standard gauge of 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm); others used gauges ranging from 2 ft (610 mm) to 6 ft (1,829 mm). As a general rule, southern railroads were built to one or another broad gauge, mostly 5 ft ( 1,524 mm ), while northern railroads that were not standard-gauge tended to be narrow-gauge.
Many tramway networks initially built to narrow gauges (750 mm or 2 ft 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 in or 1,000 mm or 3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in metre gauge) were converted to broad gauge. As of 2015, only a few out of more than sixty tram systems in Russia are not broad gauge: 1,000 mm in Kaliningrad and Pyatigorsk , 1,435 mm ( 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ) in Rostov-on-Don .
In Australia, this gauge is typically referred to as narrow gauge in comparison to 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge or 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) broad gauge. In some instances, simply 3 foot 6 inch — or in rarer cases medium gauge — is used to distinguish it from other narrow gauges.
Russian and 5 ft gauge. 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 + 27 ⁄ 32 in): former Soviet Union states; 1,524 mm (5 ft): Finland and Estonia (The difference is within tolerance limits, so it is possible to exchange trains between 1520 mm and 1524 mm networks without changes to the wheelsets, however sometimes issues like stuck rolling stock might occur.)
Metre-gauge railways (US: meter-gauge railways) are narrow-gauge railways with track gauge of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) or 1 metre. [1] Metre gauge is used in around 95,000 kilometres (59,000 mi) of tracks around the world. [citation needed] It was used by several European colonial powers including France, Britain and Germany in their ...