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Pholcodine is found in certain cough lozenges, [2] and more commonly as an oral solution, typically 5 mg / 5 ml. Adult dosage is 5-10 ml up to 3-4 times daily. [3] Pholcodine now largely replaces the previously more common codeine linctus, as it has a much lower potential for dependence.
The very ambiguous terms "percent solution" and "percentage solutions" with no other qualifiers, continue to occasionally be encountered. This common usage of % to mean m/v in biology is because of many biological solutions being dilute and water-based, an aqueous solution. Liquid water has a density of approximately 1 g/cm 3 (1 g/mL). Thus 100 ...
A reference dose is the United States Environmental Protection Agency's maximum acceptable oral dose of a toxic substance, "below which no adverse noncancer health effects should result from a lifetime of exposure". Reference doses have been most commonly determined for pesticides. The EPA defines an oral reference dose (abbreviated RfD) as:
Absorption is the journey of a drug travelling from the site of administration to the site of action. [1] [2]The drug travels by some route of administration (oral, topical-dermal, etc.) in a chosen dosage form (e.g., tablets, capsules, or in solution). [3]
Solvent concentrations of 25–60% are common, but may run as high as 90%. [1] In chemistry, a tincture is a solution that has ethanol as its solvent. In herbal medicine, alcoholic tinctures are made with various ethanol concentrations, which should be at least 20% alcohol for preservation purposes. [1] [2]
Percentage solution may refer to: Mass fraction (or "% w/w" or "wt.%"), for percent mass; Volume fraction (or "% v/v" or "vol.%"), volume concentration, for percent volume "Mass/volume percentage" (or "% m/v") in biology, for mass per unit volume; incorrectly used to denote mass concentration (chemistry). See usage in biology
A suppository is a dosage form used to deliver medications by insertion into a body orifice (any opening in the body), where it dissolves or melts to exert local or systemic effects. There are three types of suppositories, each to insert into a different sections: rectal suppositories into the rectum , vaginal suppositories into the vagina ...
This occurs when these over-concentrated solutions sit in the gut and draw water from the rest of the body, and the reduced fluids in the body's tissues then have a higher proportion of salt to fluid. Children with serum sodium greater 150 mmol/liter have thirst out of proportion to other signs of dehydration.