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In biology, a ring species is a connected series of neighbouring populations, each of which interbreeds with closely sited related populations, but for which there exist at least two "end populations" in the series, which are too distantly related to interbreed, though there is a potential gene flow between each "linked" population and the next ...
Also called functionalism. The Darwinian view that many or most physiological and behavioral traits of organisms are adaptations that have evolved for specific functions or for specific reasons (as opposed to being byproducts of the evolution of other traits, consequences of biological constraints, or the result of random variation). adaptive radiation The simultaneous or near-simultaneous ...
A cluster of genes that share the same promoter is called an operon, found mainly in prokaryotes and some lower eukaryotes (e.g., Caenorhabditis elegans). [ 80 ] [ 81 ] In positive regulation of gene expression, the activator is the transcription factor that stimulates transcription when it binds to the sequence near or at the promoter.
Gold clusters, a part of cluster chemistry, is a term used to describe molecular clusters of gold or larger colloidal particles. Both types can described as nanoparticles, with diameters of less than one micrometer. [1] Gold nanoclusters have, despite intense efforts, as yet no commercial applications.
If the A and B alleles are independent in a population, then, by definition, p AB is simply the product p A p B. The difference between these two is given the designation D, the 'coefficient of linkage disequilbrium': D = p AB - p A p B. Departure of D from zero indicates LD.
Also gastrocoel. The central internal cavity of the gastrula in most animal embryos, fated to develop into the lumen of the digestive tube ; the primitive gut. The archenteron initially has only one open end, known as the blastopore. B birth blastocoel Also blastocoele, blastocele, cleavage cavity, and segmentation cavity. The fluid-filled or yolk -filled cavity that forms in the developing ...
3' untranslated region (3'-UTR). Also three-prime untranslated region, 3' non-translated region (3'-NTR), and trailer sequence.. 3'-end. Also three-prime end.. One of two ends of a single linear strand of DNA or RNA, specifically the end at which the chain of nucleotides terminates at the third carbon atom in the furanose ring of deoxyribose or ribose (i.e. the terminus at which the 3' carbon ...
A microbial colony is defined as a visible cluster of microorganisms growing on the surface of or within a solid medium, presumably cultured from a single cell. [11] Because the colony is clonal , with all organisms in it descending from a single ancestor (assuming no contamination ), they are genetically identical, except for any mutations ...