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In the Vajrayana tradition [1] of Tibetan Buddhism, tukdam (Standard Tibetan: ཐུགས་དམ, Wylie: thugs dam) is a meditative state said to occur after clinical death, and in which the body reportedly shows minimal signs of decomposition, retaining a lifelike appearance for days or even weeks.
One set of Tibetan Buddhist contemplations on death come from the eleventh century Buddhist scholar Atisha. [7] Atisha is said to have said to his students that if a person is unaware of death, their meditation will have little power. [8] Atisha's contemplations on death: Death is inevitable. Our life span is decreasing continuously.
[2] [3] Later Buddhism expanded the bardo concept to six or more states of consciousness covering every stage of life and death. [4] In Tibetan Buddhism, bardo is the central theme of the Bardo Thodol (literally Liberation Through Hearing During the Intermediate State), the Tibetan Book of the Dead, a text intended to both guide the recently ...
The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying, written by Sogyal Rinpoche in 1992, is a presentation of the teachings of Tibetan Buddhism based on the Tibetan Book of the Dead or Bardo Thodol. The author wrote, "I have written The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying as the quintessence of the heart-advice of all my masters, to be a new Tibetan Book of the ...
Death and dying is an important subject in Tibetan Buddhism as it is a most critical period for deciding which karma will ripen to lead one to the next rebirth, so a proper control of the mind at the death process is considered essential. After prolonged meditation, the meditator continues into the bardo or even towards enlightenment.
The use of death horoscopes in Tibetan Buddhism is an old practice that still sees application today. There are several types of horoscopes used in this religion, including a birth horoscope, a life forecast, an annual horoscope, a marriage horoscope, and a death horoscope. [ 1 ]
Lama Kazi Dawa Samdup (left) and Evans-Wentz, circa 1919. Walter Yeeling Evans-Wentz (February 2, 1878 – July 17, 1965) was an American anthropologist and writer who was a pioneer in the study of Tibetan Buddhism, and in transmission of Tibetan Buddhism to the Western world, most known for publishing an early English translation of The Tibetan Book of the Dead in 1927.
Of central importance to Tibetan Buddhist Ars moriendi is the idea of the bardo (Sanskrit: antarābhava), the intermediate or liminal state between life and death. [162] Rituals and the readings of texts such as the Bardo Thodol are done to ensure that the dying person can navigate this intermediate state skillfully.