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Examples of items of Roman military personal armour included: Galea or soldier's helmet. Variant forms included the Coolus helmet, Montefortino helmet, and Imperial helmet. Greaves, to protect the legs. Lorica , including: Lorica hamata (mail armour) Lorica manica (arm guards) Lorica plumata (a form of scale armour resembling feathers)
Re-enactor with Pompeii-type gladius The Mainz Gladius on display at the British Museum, London. Gladius is the general Latin word for 'sword'. In the Roman Republic, the term gladius Hispaniensis (Spanish sword) referred (and still refers) specifically to the short sword, 60 cm (24 inches) long, used by Roman legionaries from the 3rd century BC.
The lorica segmentata (Latin pronunciation: [ɫoːˈriːka]), also called lorica lamminata, or banded armour is a type of personal armour that was used by soldiers of the Roman army, consisting of metal strips fashioned into circular bands, fastened to internal leather straps.
It has been a military mainstay since ancient times and was usually made of leather, bronze or iron in antiquity. By around 1000 AD, solid plates had fallen out of use in Europe and knights of the period were wearing mail in the form of a hauberk over a padded tunic. [ 1 ]
A manica (Latin: manica, "sleeve"; [1] Greek: χεῖρες, kheires, "sleeves") was a type of iron or copper-alloy laminated arm guard with curved, overlapping metal segments or plates fastened to leather straps worn by ancient and late antique heavy cavalry, infantry, and gladiators.
Roman standards. Roman military standards were emblems adopted by units of the Roman army. There were three main types of standard (Aquila, Vexillum, Signum). Several throughout its history include: Aquila, the emblem of the Roman legion whose adoption Pliny the Elder attributes to the general Gaius Marius. Each legion had an eagle, or aquila ...
The term linothorax is a modern term based on the Greek λινοθώραξ, which means "wearing a breastplate of linen"; [1] a number of ancient Greek and Latin texts from the 6th century BC to the third century AD mention θώρακες λίνεοι (thorakes lineoi) (Greek) or loricae linteae (Latin) which means 'linen body armour'. These ...
The vine staff, vine-staff, or centurion's staff [1] (Latin: vitis) [2] was a vinewood rod of about 1 m (3 ft) in length used in the ancient Roman army [3] [4] and navy. [5] It was the mark and tool of the centurion : [ 6 ] both as an implement in the direction of drill and maneuvers [ citation needed ] ; and to beat wayward or laggard soldiers ...