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For example, individual demand can be aggregated to market demand if and only if individual preferences are of the Gorman polar form (or equivalently satisfy linear and parallel Engel curves). Under this condition, even heterogeneous preferences can be represented by a single aggregate agent simply by summing over individual demand to market ...
Homogeneity can be studied to several degrees of complexity. For example, considerations of homoscedasticity examine how much the variability of data-values changes throughout a dataset. However, questions of homogeneity apply to all aspects of the statistical distributions, including the location parameter
Homogeneity and heterogeneity; only ' b ' is homogeneous Homogeneity and heterogeneity are concepts relating to the uniformity of a substance, process or image.A homogeneous feature is uniform in composition or character (i.e. color, shape, size, weight, height, distribution, texture, language, income, disease, temperature, radioactivity, architectural design, etc.); one that is heterogeneous ...
Example: Agricultural products which have many buyers and sellers, selling homogeneous goods where the price is determined by the demand and supply of the market and not individual firms. In the short run, a firm in a perfectly competitive market may gain profits or loss, but in the long run, due to the entry and exit of new firms, price will ...
Hartley, however, finds these reasons for representative agent modelling unconvincing. Kirman [2] too, is critical of the representative agent approach in economics. Because representative agent models simply ignore valid aggregation concerns, they sometimes commit the so-called fallacy of composition.
A classic example of heteroscedasticity is that of income versus expenditure on meals. A wealthy person may eat inexpensive food sometimes and expensive food at other times. A poor person will almost always eat inexpensive food. Therefore, people with higher incomes exhibit greater variability in expenditures on food.
A famous example by James Heckman and Bo Honoré who study labor market participation using the Roy model, where the choice equation leads to the Heckman correction procedure. [3] More generally, Heckman and Vytlacil propose the Roy model as an alternative to the LATE framework proposed by Joshua Angrist and Guido Imbens .
Statistical testing for a non-zero heterogeneity variance is often done based on Cochran's Q [13] or related test procedures. This common procedure however is questionable for several reasons, namely, the low power of such tests [14] especially in the very common case of only few estimates being combined in the analysis, [15] [7] as well as the specification of homogeneity as the null ...