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A dendrochronology, based on these trees and other bristlecone pine samples, extends back to about 9000 BC, albeit with a single gap of about 500 years. [20] [3] An older bristlecone pine was reportedly discovered by Tom Harlan in 2009, based on a sample core collected in 1957. According to Harlan, the tree was 5,062 years old and still living ...
Pinus sabiniana trees typically grow to 11–14 metres (36–45 ft), but can reach 32 m (105 ft). The pine needles are in fascicles (bundles) of three, distinctively pale gray-green, sparse and drooping, and grow to 20–30 centimetres (8–12 in) in length.
Pinus longaeva (commonly referred to as the Great Basin bristlecone pine, intermountain bristlecone pine, or western bristlecone pine) [4] is a long-living species of bristlecone pine tree found in the higher mountains of California, Nevada, and Utah. [5]
The Methuselah Grove in the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest is the location of the "Methuselah", a Great Basin bristlecone pine that is 4,856 years old. [7] It is considered to be the world's oldest known and confirmed living non-clonal organism. It was temporarily superseded by a 5,062 year old bristlecone pine discovered in 2010.
Of California's total plant population, 2,153 species, subspecies, and varieties are endemic and native to California alone, according to the 1993 Jepson Manual study. [4] This botanical diversity stems not only from the size of the state, but also its diverse topographies , climates, and soils (e.g. serpentine outcrops ).
The Torrey pine (Pinus torreyana) is a rare pine species in California, United States. It is a critically endangered species growing only in coastal San Diego County, and on Santa Rosa Island, offshore from Santa Barbara in Santa Barbara County. [3] The Torrey pine is endemic to the California coastal sage and chaparral ecoregion. [4] [5]
Young spring growth ("candles") on a loblolly pine: Monterey pine bark: Monterey pine cone on forest floor: Whitebark pine in the Sierra Nevada: Hartweg's pine forest in Mexico: The bark of a pine in Tecpan, Guatemala: A pine, probably P. pseudostrobus, in Guatemala
Pinus muricata, the bishop pine, is a pine with a very restricted range: mostly in California, including several offshore Channel Islands, and a few locations in Baja California, Mexico. It is always on or near the coast.