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The Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 (24 Geo. 2. c. 23), also known as Chesterfield's Act or (in American usage) the British Calendar Act of 1751, is an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain. Its purpose was for Great Britain and the British Empire to adopt the Gregorian calendar (in effect).
In the Kingdom of Great Britain and its possessions, the Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 introduced two concurrent changes to the calendar. The first, which applied to England, Wales, Ireland and the British colonies, changed the start of the year from 25 March to 1 January, with effect from "the day after 31 December 1751".
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An Act for granting to his Majesty an additional Duty upon Spirituous Liquors, and upon Licences for retailing the same; and for repealing the Act of the twentieth year of his present Majesty's Reign, intituled, "An Act for granting a Duty to his Majesty to be paid by Distillers upon Licences to be taken out by them for retailing Spirituous ...
Papal dispensation to return to Julian calendar applied for in 1630, in operation by 1641 [20] Ireland: Kingdom of Ireland: 1752 2 Sept 14 Sept 11 The British Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 also applied to Ireland (as stated in its preamble). For details, see Calendar Act: Ireland. Italy: various 1582
The British (personal) tax year still ends on "Old" Lady Day (5 April under the 'new style' calendar, which in the 18th century corresponded to 25 March under the 'old style' Julian calendar: the Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 advanced the calendar by eleven days. 5 April is still the end of the British tax year for personal taxation.
For centuries, English official public documents have been dated according to the regnal years of the ruling monarch.Traditionally, parliamentary statutes are referenced by regnal year, e.g. the Occasional Conformity Act 1711 is officially referenced as "10 Ann. c. 6" (read as "the sixth chapter of the statute of the parliamentary session that sat in the 10th year of the reign of Queen Anne").
23, assented 17 May 1751) is known in US usage as the British Calendar Act of 1751, which may cause some confusion since there was also a Calendar Act 1751 (25 Geo. 2. c. 30) to amend the 1750 act. Before the Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 came into force, the start of the year in English legal usage was 25 March, rather than 1 January.