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After the successful Gulf War of 1991, many analysts, such as Zbigniew Brzezinski, claimed the lack of a new strategic vision for U.S. foreign policy resulted in many missed opportunities for its foreign policy. During the 1990s, the United States mostly scaled back its foreign policy budget as well as its cold war defense budget which amounted ...
For example, he positions the breakdown of the wartime alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union and the hostilities of the early Cold War as being, in part, a result of the heightened strong emotional of key figures in American foreign policy, like Averell Harriman, following the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. To Costigliola, it ...
The 9/11 attack was the single deadliest international terrorist incident and the most devastating foreign attack on American soil since the Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. [42] It refocused American attention to a long war on terrorism, beginning with an attack on al-Qaeda and its Taliban supporters in Afghanistan.
A series of Neutrality Acts passed by the U.S. Congress in the 1930s sought to return foreign policy to non-interventionism in European affairs, as it had been prior to the American entry into World War I. However, Nazi Germany's U-boat attacks on American vessels in 1941 saw many provisions of the Neutrality Acts largely revoked.
During the campaign, Reagan relied on Jeane Kirkpatrick as his foreign policy adviser to identify Carter's vulnerabilities on foreign policy. [12] Reagan promised to rebuild the U.S. military, which had sharply declined in strength and morale after the Vietnam War, and restore American power and prestige on the international front.
Bush addressed the cadets at the U.S. Military Academy (West Point) on June 1, 2002, and made clear the role pre-emptive war would play in the future of American foreign policy and national defense: [35] We cannot defend America and our friends by hoping for the best.
Since the Cold War, the U.S. has been the biggest distributor of foreign aid in the world, both to international organizations like the United Nations and directly to state governments.
The American Age: United States Foreign Policy at Home and Abroad, 1750 to Present (2nd ed 1994); university textbook; 884pp online; Leffler, Melvyn P. Safeguarding Democratic Capitalism: U.S. Foreign Policy and National Security, 1920–2015 (Princeton University Press, 2017) 348 pp. Mauch, Peter, and Yoneyuki Sugita.