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Phonological awareness is an individual's awareness of the phonological structure, or sound structure, of words. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Phonological awareness is an important and reliable predictor of later reading ability and has, therefore, been the focus of much research.
The 2014 teachers' Professional Development guide [195] covers the seven areas of attitude and motivation, fluency, comprehension, word identification, vocabulary, phonological awareness, phonics, and assessment. It recommends that phonics be taught in a systematic and structured way and is preceded by training in phonological awareness.
Phonemic awareness has been argued to be the most important aspect of phonological awareness when learning to read. [16] Due to its importance, many preschool, kindergarten and higher grade levels have phonological awareness programs. Specific and explicit phonological awareness instruction is the most effective way for children to learn.
Phonemic awareness is a part of phonological awareness in which listeners are able to hear, identify and manipulate phonemes, the smallest mental units of sound that help to differentiate units of meaning . Separating the spoken word "cat" into three distinct phonemes, /k/, /æ/, and /t/, requires phonemic
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch. [1] [2] [3] [4]For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.
In 2011, Dr. Janette Pelletier, OISE, University of Toronto published a paper entitled Supporting Early Language and Literacy that outlines several key findings from early literacy research, including the importance of teaching phonological awareness and the "knowledge of letter names and letter-sound correspondences" also known as decoding. [57]
Once a child understands phonemes, the next step is to develop phonological awareness, which is the ability to recognize that there is a relationship between sounds and letters, and letters and words. [2] Phonological awareness strongly predicts the development of literacy skills. [1] Upon entering kindergarten, children should also be able to ...
Phonological development refers to how children learn to organize sounds into meaning or language during their stages of growth. Sound is at the beginning of language learning. Children have to learn to distinguish different sounds and to segment the speech stream they are exposed to into units – eventually meaningful units – in order to ...
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