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The Lacedaemonion Politeia (Greek: Λακεδαιμονίων Πολιτεία), known in English as the Polity, Constitution, or Republic of the Lacedaemonians, or the Spartan Constitution, [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] is a treatise attributed to the ancient Greek historian Xenophon, describing the institutions, customs, and practices of the ancient ...
Xenophon was born c. 430 BC[8] in the deme (local district) of Erchia in Athens; his father was called Gryllus (Γρύλλος) and belonged to an Athenian aristocratic family. [9][10] The Peloponnesian War was being waged throughout Xenophon's childhood and youth. [11] A contemporary of Plato, Xenophon associated with Socrates, as was common ...
The Spartan Constitution (or Spartan politeia) are the government and laws of the classical Greek city-state of Sparta.All classical Greek city-states had a politeia; the politeia of Sparta however, was noted by many classical authors for its unique features, which supported a rigidly layered social system and a strong hoplite army.
t. e. The ephors were a board of five magistrates in ancient Sparta. They had an extensive range of judicial, religious, legislative, and military powers, and could shape Sparta's home and foreign affairs. The word " ephors " (Ancient Greek ἔφοροι éphoroi, plural form of ἔφορος éphoros) comes from the Ancient Greek ἐπί epi ...
Lycurgus (/ laɪˈkɜːrɡəs /; Greek: Λυκοῦργος Lykourgos) was the legendary lawgiver of Sparta, credited with the formation of its eunomia ('good order'), [1] involving political, economic, and social reforms to produce a military-oriented Spartan society in accordance with the Delphic oracle. The Spartans in the historical period ...
The Spartan army was the principle ground force of Sparta. It stood at the center of the Spartan state, consisting of citizens trained in the disciplines and honor of a warrior society. [1] Subjected to military drills since early manhood, the Spartans became one of the most feared and formidable military forces in the Greek world, attaining ...
Xenophon bluntly indicated that the seer foresaw "a most terrible conspiracy". [6] Several days later, an unnamed man denounced the conspiracy of Cinadon to the ephors, saying that he had accompanied Cinadon to the agora, where Cinadon had asked him to count the Spartiates in the crowd of about 4,000 assembled there.
Instead of drafting a new constitution, the Thirty ruled Athens themselves, similar to the Spartan Gerousia. They limited citizenship and the right "to share in the government" to only 3,000 selected Athenians. [10] These hand-selected individuals had the right to carry weapons, to have a jury trial, and to reside within city limits. [8]