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Endocrinology. Molybdenum deficiency refers to the clinical consequences of inadequate intake of molybdenum in the diet. The amount of molybdenum required is relatively small, and molybdenum deficiency usually does not occur in natural settings. [1] However, it can occur in individuals receiving parenteral nutrition. [2][3]
Molybdenum is also present within human tooth enamel and may help prevent its decay. [96] Acute toxicity has not been seen in humans, and the toxicity depends strongly on the chemical state. Studies on rats show a median lethal dose (LD 50) as low as 180 mg/kg for some Mo compounds. [97]
Molybdenum cofactor deficiency is a rare human disease in which the absence of molybdopterin – and consequently its molybdenum complex, commonly called molybdenum cofactor – leads to accumulation of toxic levels of sulphite and neurological damage. Usually this leads to death within months of birth, due to the lack of active sulfite oxidase.
The river water was contaminated with toxic metals including arsenic, copper, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, nickel, and thallium. [ 2 ] Cleanup costs may exceed $1.2 billion. [ 3 ] A toxic heavy metal is a common but misleading term for a metal noted for its potential toxicity. [ 4 ] Not all heavy metals are toxic and some toxic ...
The molybdenum cofactor (pictured) is composed of a molybdenum-free organic complex called molybdopterin, which has bound an oxidized molybdenum (VI) atom through adjacent sulfur (or occasionally selenium) atoms. Except for the ancient nitrogenases, all known Mo-using enzymes use this cofactor. Molybdate is transported in the body as MoO 42−.
Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate is the chemical compound with the formula (NH 4) 2 MoS 4. This bright red ammonium salt is an important reagent in the chemistry of molybdenum and has been used as a building block in bioinorganic chemistry. The thiometallate (see metallate) anion has the distinctive property of undergoing oxidation at the sulfur ...
Argyria or argyrosis is a condition caused by excessive exposure to chemical compounds of the element silver, or to silver dust. [1] The most dramatic symptom of argyria is that the skin turns blue or blue-gray. It may take the form of generalized argyria or local argyria. Generalized argyria affects large areas over much of the visible surface ...
Mineral (nutrient) Carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme that requires zinc (gray sphere near the center of this image), is essential for exhalation of carbon dioxide. In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element. Some "minerals" are essential for life, but most are not. [1][2][3] Minerals are one of the four groups of essential ...