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On the other hand, emotion can be used to refer to states that are mild (as in annoyed or content) and to states that are not directed at anything (as in anxiety and depression). One line of research looks at the meaning of the word emotion in everyday language and finds that this usage is rather different from that in academic discourse. [31]
Emotional expressions arise from these appraisals, which essentially describe the context of the situation. [26] One appraisal model has developed the law of situational meaning, which states that emotions tend to be evoked by certain kinds of events. For example, grief is elicited by personal loss.
Emotional prosody or affective prosody is the various paralinguistic aspects of language use that convey emotion. [1] It includes an individual's tone of voice in speech that is conveyed through changes in pitch , loudness , timbre , speech rate, and pauses .
Valence is an inferred criterion from instinctively generated emotions; it is the property specifying whether feelings/affects are positive, negative or neutral. [2] The existence of at least temporarily unspecified valence is an issue for psychological researchers who reject the existence of neutral emotions (e.g. surprise, sublimation). [2]
This type of language is very often made vague to more effectively invoke an emotional response and/or exploit stereotypes. [1] [2] [3] Loaded words and phrases have significant emotional implications and involve strongly positive or negative reactions beyond their literal meaning.
Emotions are portrayed as dynamic processes that mediate the individual's relation to a continually changing social environment. [46] In other words, emotions are considered to be processes of establishing, maintaining, or disrupting the relation between the organism and the environment on matters of significance to the person. [47]
A connotation is a commonly understood cultural or emotional association that any given word or phrase carries, in addition to its explicit or literal meaning, which is its denotation. A connotation is frequently described as either positive or negative, with regard to its pleasing or displeasing emotional connection. [1]
Emotional intelligence (EI), also known as emotional quotient (EQ), is the ability to perceive, use, understand, manage, and handle emotions.High emotional intelligence includes emotional recognition of emotions of the self and others, using emotional information to guide thinking and behavior, discerning between and labeling of different feelings, and adjusting emotions to adapt to environments.