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Examples of highly conserved sequences include the RNA components of ribosomes present in all domains of life, the homeobox sequences widespread amongst eukaryotes, and the tmRNA in bacteria. The study of sequence conservation overlaps with the fields of genomics, proteomics, evolutionary biology, phylogenetics, bioinformatics and mathematics.
These motifs are linear, in the sense that three-dimensional organization is not required to bring distant segments of the molecule together to make the recognizable unit. The conservation of these motifs varies: some are highly conserved while others, for example, allow substitutions that retain only a certain pattern of charge across the motif."
Some conserved core processes, called "exploratory processes", have the ability to generate many different phenotypical outcomes or states. Examples include: the formation of microtubule structures, the development of the nervous system (i.e. connecting of axons and target organs), synapse elimination, muscle patterning, the production of blood ...
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
In an influential paper, Wiens and Donoghue [3] laid out how phylogenetic niche conservatism might help explain the latitudinal diversity gradient.While support for the hypothesis that niche conservatism drives latitudinally structured variation in species richness has been found in some clades, [11] overall, phylogenetic niche conservatism has not received strong support as the underlying ...
Moiety conservation is the conservation of a subgroup in a chemical species, which is cyclically transferred from one molecule to another. In biochemistry, moiety conservation can have profound effects on the system's dynamics.
Additionally, exceptional conservation of synteny can reflect important functional relationships between genes. For example, the order of genes in the "Hox cluster", which are key determinants of the animal body plan and which interact with each other in critical ways, is essentially preserved throughout the animal kingdom. [11]
Conservation genetics is an interdisciplinary subfield of population genetics that aims to understand the dynamics of genes in a population for the purpose of natural resource management, conservation of genetic diversity, and the prevention of species extinction.