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The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo [a] officially ended the Mexican–American War (1846–1848). It was signed on 2 February 1848 in the town of Guadalupe Hidalgo.. After the defeat of its army and the fall of the capital in September 1847, Mexico entered into peace negotiations with the U.S. envoy, Nicholas Trist.
People v. de la Guerra, 40 Cal. 311 (1870), was a landmark case in the California Supreme Court that upheld the right of Mexicans in California to run for public office on the grounds that the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo granted United States citizenship to all Mexicans residing in California should they want it.
Under the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, all Mexicans were granted formal citizenship rights as American citizens, yet widespread dissatisfaction emerged amongst the Mexican Americans. [53] Despite the treaty pledges of full and equal citizenship, rampant discrimination and violence were immediate and widespread. [54]
Residents had a year to apply for American citizenship. If they didn't apply, then they would automatically become U.S. citizens. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo held promises for the new citizens. [7] It promised that everyone would maintain their liberty and property.
Menchaca, Martha, The Mexican American Experience in Texas: Citizenship, Segregation, and the Struggle for Equality (U of Texas Press, 2022) Montejano, David. Anglos and Mexicans in the Making of Texas, 1836-1986 (U of Texas Press, 1987) San Miguel, Jr., Guadalupe. "Let All of Them Take Heed" (U of Texas Press, 1987)
Considering the seizures, including all of Texas, Mexico lost 55% of its pre-1836 territory in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. [3] For only 15 years, from 1821 (when Mexican independence was secured) to the Texan Revolt in 1836, the Mexican Cession (excluding Texas) formed approximately 42% of the country of Mexico.
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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed by Trist. Nicholas Philip Trist (June 2, 1800 – February 11, 1874) was an American lawyer, diplomat, planter, and businessman. Even though he had been dismissed by President James K. Polk as the negotiator with the Mexican government, he negotiated the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, which ended the Mexican–American War.