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A loan covenant is a condition in a commercial loan or bond issue that requires the borrower to fulfill certain conditions or which forbids the borrower from undertaking certain actions, or which possibly restricts certain activities to circumstances when other conditions are met.
Violations of negative covenants are rare compared to violations of affirmative covenants. With most debt (including corporate debt, mortgages and bank loans) a covenant is included in the debt contract which states that the total amount owed becomes immediately payable on the first instance of a default of payment.
Cov-lite (or "covenant light") is financial jargon for loan agreements that do not contain the usual protective covenants for the benefit of the lending party. Although traditionally banks have insisted on a wide range of covenants that allow them to intervene if the financial position of the borrower or the value of underlying assets deteriorates, around 2006 the increasing strength of ...
Thus, financing costs (e.g., interests from loans), personal income tax of owners/investors, capital expenditure, and depreciation are not included in operating expenses. Debt service are costs and payments related to financing. Interests and lease payments are true costs resulting from taking loans or borrowing assets.
Covenants – Lenders may write stipulations on the borrower, called covenants, into loan agreements, such as: [19] Periodically report its financial condition, Refrain from paying dividends , repurchasing shares , borrowing further, or other specific, voluntary actions that negatively affect the company's financial position, and
The interest provides an incentive for the lender to engage in the loan. In a legal loan, each of these obligations and restrictions is enforced by contract, which can also place the borrower under additional restrictions known as loan covenants. Although this article focuses on monetary loans, in practice, any material object might be lent.
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In a revolving credit facility, the occurrence of an event of default normally also allows the lender to cancel any obligations to make further loan advances. There are three types of event of default: payment default, i.e. the failure to pay principal or interest when it falls due for payment;